International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinaries: Security

Fundamentals of Cyber Security

Hammam Almonajid — Sat, 23 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This study highlighted the importance of cybersecurity for organizations that hold databases, emphasizing the increasing need to secure sensitive data from all types of online attacks. Given the rate and complexity of attacks, organizations must recognize that data breaches can have major consequences, including financial losses, damage to reputation, and legal responsibility. Companies may better prepare to recognize and manage these risks if they are aware of the most frequent cyber-attacks, such as phishing, malware growth, and social engineering. Furthermore, the study analyzed several types of malware, such as viruses, adware, ransomware, and spyware, emphasizing the importance of effective security measures to prevent the assault and potential harm. as well as implementing strict access controls, encryption processes, and frequent data backups. By developing an effective cybersecurity plan, organizations may strengthen their resilience to cyberthreats and safeguard the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of their precious data assets.

The Consequences of the Use of Internment Without Trial in Northern Ireland in the Early 1970s for the Provisional Irish Republican Army

Martin McCleery — Sat, 23 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the consequences of the use of internment without trial in Northern Ireland in the early1970s. The main focus of the article will be how the introduction of the measure effected the foremost republican paramilitary group, the Provisional Irish Republcan Army, during the conflict known as the Troubles. The effects of the measure on unionists and the British will also be considered. How internment helped to internationalise the conflict and the way it influenced other events will be highlighted. The primary argument of the article is that the internment period helped create a core republican community which provided enough support for PIRA for it to carry out its military campaign for almost thirty years.

Environmental Security and Megacities: An Application of Q Methodology

Charis Gerosideris — Sat, 23 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Cities impact on the environment was always been visible and a serious matter of issue. Megacities or megaregions, with the overcrowding population and the uncontrollable destruction of the natural environment due to economic growth and the need of mega-amounts of energy, have not only regional but a global environmental impact. Even if the concept of environmental security is not yet well defined and properly promoted as the proper environmental protection security mechanism, it is more than ever appropriate to be the problem-solver and practical solution of the unmanageable and irresistible environmental disruption in megacities. This paper establishes and analyses the perspectives of two megacities’ inhabitants such as Cairo and London with the aims to understand the public’s needs and viewpoints and find out reasonable solutions of the megacities impacts on the environment. By applying Q methodology (a new research method for security studies) in two concepts such as megacities and environmental security, we open the discussion on the sensitive topic of ‘mega environmental crisis’ with the view of encouraging the further concentrate at the solutions in the subject matters. The purpose and motivation of this paper is to provide a brief overview of Q methodology and the connection between environmental security and megacities based on the impact that the last ones have on the environment and the solutions coming directly from the people living in these megacities.