Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Dengue Fever Prevalence Among Febrile Patients in Adamawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Dengue fever (DF) is increasingly recognized as a significant viral infection with global public health implications. It causes morbidity and mortality, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Understanding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to dengue fever can provide valuable insights for efficient disease management. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding dengue fever prevalence among febrile patients attending public health facilities in Adamawa, Nigeria. Six hundred sera were collected from febrile patients seeking medical attention in three selected hospitals across three Local Government Areas. A self-designed structured questionnaire, captured socio-demographic information and risk factors. Sera samples were screened for Dengue virus (DENV) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Odds Ratios (OR) were used to explore associations between seroprevalence and various variables. Among the 600 participants, 186 (55.9%) indicated awareness of DENV infection. However, 392 (69.9%) were completely ignorant of its existence. Individuals lacking knowledge about DENV transmission, symptoms, and fatality showed a significant association with DENV infection. Negligence regarding mosquito control and a preference for government responsibility in mosquito control were also linked to DENV infection (p ≤ 0.05). This study highlights that low economic status, ignorance, and negligence may serve as predisposing factors for DENV infection in Adamawa State.