GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF IRON AND ZINC NANO PARTICLES USING GRAPE EXTRACT

Abstract

The extensive and prolonged application of conventional fertilizers has given rise to a range of environmental challenges on a global scale, including issues such as groundwater pollution, chemical burns, water eutrophication, soil quality degradation, and air pollution. Nano fertilizers play a pivotal role in enhancing agricultural sustainability by not only bolstering crop productivity and nutritional quality but also by substantially reducing the overall production costs. This study focused on the biosynthesis and characterization of Iron and Zinc nanoparticles using grape extract. The UV-VIS spectroscopy of iron indicates that the iron nano particle absorb light at 770nm while the zinc nano particles absorb light at 380nm. The utilization of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy of iron revealed distinctive peaks at 3287 cm^-1, 2926 cm^-1, 1889 cm^-1, 1945cm^-1, 2012 cm^-1 to 2072 cm^-1, 1919 cm^-1 and 1817 cm^-1, 1379 cm^-1 and 1038 cm^-1, 700 cm^-1 corresponding to phenol, alkane, A hydride, A hydride, alkyle amine and Fe-bond functional groups respectively. These groups were identified as being responsible for the capping and stabilization of the nanoparticles. That of Zinc revealed distinctive peaks at 3276 cm^-1 2922 cm^-1_,2113 cm^-1,1636 cm^-1, 1543 cm^-1,14011 cm^-1, 237 cm^-1, and 1028 cm^-1corresponding to phenol, alkane, alkyne, alkene, aromatic compound alkene, inorganic carbonate, amine and alkyl amine respectively. Furthermore, EDX analysis confirmed the presence of iron with atomic and weight concentrations of (51.93 and 68.99), and zinc at (20.58 and 35.65) respectively. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) micrographs illustrated a uniform distribution and agglomeration of the synthesized iron nano particle (FeNPs) and zinc nano particle (ZnNPs), portraying a near-flat and plain shape with an average particle size of 100 nm. The XRD result revelled that the synthesized iron nano particle (FeNPs) has a crystalline structure with grain size of 23.5nm, while the synthesized zinc nano particle (ZnNP) has a hexagonal structure with grain size of 21.3nm.